Can Husband and Wife Have a Single-Member LLC in Florida?
No. A single-member LLC has exactly one owner. If both spouses own the LLC, it becomes a multi-member LLC under Fla. Stat. § 605.0201. Florida law does not recognize marital status as a basis for treating two spouses as a single member. You must choose either one spouse as the sole member or both as co-members in a two-member LLC.
Your Two Options
Option 1: Single-Member LLC
One spouse is the sole owner with 100% membership interest. The other spouse has no ownership stake. This structure is taxed as a sole proprietorship by default (unless you elect corporate taxation). File Articles of Organization listing only one member under Fla. Stat. § 605.0213.
Option 2: Multi-Member LLC
Both spouses are listed as members in the Articles of Organization. You specify ownership percentages (typically 50/50) and management rights in an operating agreement. A multi-member LLC is taxed as a partnership by default unless you elect S-corp or C-corp treatment.
Tax and Liability Implications
Single-member LLCs offer liability protection but limited tax flexibility. Multi-member LLCs provide more sophisticated income-splitting options and may offer better asset protection in certain scenarios. The IRS treats these structures differently for federal income tax purposes. Consult a tax professional about which structure suits your situation.
Formation Requirements
File Articles of Organization with the Florida Division of Corporations ($125 filing fee). Include the LLC name (with "LLC" or "L.L.C." designator), principal office address, registered agent with a Florida street address, and member information under Fla. Stat. § 605.0213. File online for faster processing. No publication is required.
Operating Agreement
Even if one spouse is the sole member, a written operating agreement clarifies management rights, profit distribution, and succession planning. This protects both spouses legally and prevents disputes if circumstances change.
Next Steps
- Decide whether one or both spouses will be members
- Choose an LLC name compliant with Fla. Stat. § 605.0201
- Prepare Articles of Organization with member and registered agent details
- File with the Florida Division of Corporations
- Draft an operating agreement defining roles and profit-sharing
- Consult a tax advisor about federal tax classification
This is general information, not legal advice.